本文主要介绍静默安装数据库使用的模板如何使用及配置
1.准备responseFile文件
从Oracle软件中获取
[oracle@rhel64 ~]$ cd database/response/ dbca.rsp db_install.rsp netca.rsp 复制代码
其中database是Oracle软件解压后生成的目录。可见在response目录下有三个模板，其中dbca.rsp是用来创建数据库的。db_install.rsp是用来安装Oracle软件的。netca.rsp是用来创建监听器的。当然也可在db_install.rsp中直接创建数据库。
2.编辑responseFile文件
#可以去除说明，直接打开模板会对应有说明[oracle@node2 ~]$ grep -Ev "^$|^#" db_install.rsp oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v11_2_0·oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONY·ORACLE_HOSTNAME=rhel·UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall·INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/oraInventory·SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en·ORACLE_HOME=/u01/oracle·ORACLE_BASE=/u01·oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EEoracle.install.db.EEOptionsSelection=falseoracle.install.db.optionalComponents=oracle.rdbms.partitioning:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.oraolap:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.dm:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.dv:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.lbac:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.rat:11.2.0.4.0·oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba·oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oinstalloracle.install.db.CLUSTER_NODES=oracle.install.db.isRACOneInstall=oracle.install.db.racOneServiceName=·oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE·oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=prod·oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=prod·oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet=AL32UTF8·oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryOption=true·oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=400oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.installExampleSchemas=falseoracle.install.db.config.starterdb.enableSecuritySettings=true·oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=oracleoracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYS=oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSTEM=oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSMAN=oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.DBSNMP=oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.control=DB_CONTROLoracle.install.db.config.starterdb.gridcontrol.gridControlServiceURL=oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.enable=falseoracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.osuid=oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.ospwd=·oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storageType=FILE_SYSTEM_STORAGE·oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.dataLocation=/u01//oradata·oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.recoveryLocation=/u01/fast_recovery_areaoracle.install.db.config.asm.diskGroup=oracle.install.db.config.asm.ASMSNMPPassword=MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=·DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=truePROXY_HOST=PROXY_PORT=PROXY_USER=PROXY_PWD=PROXY_REALM=COLLECTOR_SUPPORTHUB_URL=#oracle.installer.autoupdates.option=SKIP_UPDATES#oracle.installer.autoupdates.downloadUpdatesLoc=#AUTOUPDATES_MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=#AUTOUPDATES_MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=注：带有“·”的是需要修改的复制代码
开始静默安装
[oracle@rhel database]$ ./runInstaller -silent -ignoreSysPrereqs -responseFile /home/oracle/db_install.rsp复制代码
其中-silent指的是静默安装，-ignorePrereq忽略prerequisite的检查结果，responseFile是种子文件。
dbca命令行参数还是及其丰富的，完全可DIY建库。 下面，用最少参数建了一个库。
[oracle@rhel~]$ dbca -silent -createDatabase -templateName General_Purpose.dbc -gdbName prod -sysPassword oracle -systemPassword oracle复制代码
Copying database files 1% complete 3% complete 11% complete 18% complete 26% complete 37% complete Creating and starting Oracle instance 40% complete 45% complete 50% complete 55% complete 56% complete 60% complete 62% complete Completing Database Creation 66% complete70% complete73% complete85% complete96% complete100% completeLook at the log file "/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/test/test.log" for further details.复制代码
在这里建库时，创建的实例名需要与.bash_profile文件中的SID相同。
备注：以下为完成的配置脚本，有说明及配置情况
###################################################################### Copyright(c) Oracle Corporation 1998,2008. All rights reserved.#### #### Specify values for the variables listed below to customize #### your installation. #### #### Each variable is associated with a comment. The comment #### can help to populate the variables with the appropriate #### values. #### #### IMPORTANT NOTE: This file contains plain text passwords and #### should be secured to have read permission only by oracle user #### or db administrator who owns this installation. #### #######################################################################------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Do not change the following system generated value. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v11_2_0#------------------------------------------------------------------------------# %%%仅仅安装数据库软件不建库%%%# Specify the installation option.# It can be one of the following:# 1. INSTALL_DB_SWONLY# 2. INSTALL_DB_AND_CONFIG# 3. UPGRADE_DB#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------# %%%计算机名%%%# Specify the hostname of the system as set during the install. It can be used# to force the installation to use an alternative hostname rather than using the# first hostname found on the system. (e.g., for systems with multiple hostnames # and network interfaces)计算机名#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------ORACLE_HOSTNAME=YJH#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------# %%%Unix组%%%# Specify the Unix group to be set for the inventory directory. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------# %%%保存库文件位置%%%# Specify the location which holds the inventory files.#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/oraInventory#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------# %%%安装语言%%% # Specify the languages in which the components will be installed. ## en : English ja : Japanese # fr : French ko : Korean # ar : Arabic es : Latin American Spanish # bn : Bengali lv : Latvian # pt_BR: Brazilian Portuguese lt : Lithuanian # bg : Bulgarian ms : Malay # fr_CA: Canadian French es_MX: Mexican Spanish # ca : Catalan no : Norwegian # hr : Croatian pl : Polish # cs : Czech pt : Portuguese # da : Danish ro : Romanian # nl : Dutch ru : Russian # ar_EG: Egyptian zh_CN: Simplified Chinese # en_GB: English (Great Britain) sk : Slovak # et : Estonian sl : Slovenian # fi : Finnish es_ES: Spanish # de : German sv : Swedish # el : Greek th : Thai # iw : Hebrew zh_TW: Traditional Chinese # hu : Hungarian tr : Turkish # is : Icelandic uk : Ukrainian # in : Indonesian vi : Vietnamese # it : Italian ## Example : SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,fr,ja#------------------------------------------------------------------------------SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en#------------------------------------------------------------------------------# %%%ORACLE_HOME%%%# Specify the complete path of the Oracle Home.#------------------------------------------------------------------------------ORACLE_HOME=/u01/oracle#------------------------------------------------------------------------------# %%%ORACLE_BASE%%%# Specify the complete path of the Oracle Base. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ORACLE_BASE=/u01#------------------------------------------------------------------------------# %%%指定安装版本%%% # Specify the installation edition of the component. # # The value should contain only one of these choices. # EE : Enterprise Edition 企业版 # SE : Standard Edition # SEONE : Standard Edition One# PE : Personal Edition (WINDOWS ONLY)#------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE#------------------------------------------------------------------------------# This variable is used to enable or disable custom install.## true : Components mentioned as part of 'customComponents' property# are considered for install.# false : Value for 'customComponents' is not considered.#------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.db.isCustomInstall=false#------------------------------------------------------------------------------# This variable is considered only if 'IsCustomInstall' is set to true. ## Description: List of Enterprise Edition Options you would like to install.## The following choices are available. You may specify any# combination of these choices. The components you choose should# be specified in the form "internal-component-name:version"# Below is a list of components you may specify to install.# # oracle.rdbms.partitioning:11.2.0.1.0 - Oracle Partitioning# oracle.rdbms.dm:11.2.0.1.0 - Oracle Data Mining# oracle.rdbms.dv:11.2.0.1.0 - Oracle Database Vault # oracle.rdbms.lbac:11.2.0.1.0 - Oracle Label Security# oracle.rdbms.rat:11.2.0.1.0 - Oracle Real Application Testing # oracle.oraolap:11.2.0.1.0 - Oracle OLAP#------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.db.customComponents=oracle.server:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.sysman.ccr:10.2.7.0.0,oracle.xdk:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.oci:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.network:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.network.listener:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.options:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.partitioning:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.oraolap:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.dm:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.dv:11.2.0.1.0,orcle.rdbms.lbac:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.rat:11.2.0.1.0################################################################################ ## PRIVILEGED OPERATING SYSTEM GROUPS ## ------------------------------------------ ## Provide values for the OS groups to which OSDBA and OSOPER privileges ## needs to be granted. If the install is being performed as a member of the # # group "dba", then that will be used unless specified otherwise below. ## #################################################################################------------------------------------------------------------------------------# %%%DBA授予特权组%%%# The DBA_GROUP is the OS group which is to be granted OSDBA privileges.#------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba#------------------------------------------------------------------------------# %%%授予OSOPER操作组%%%# The OPER_GROUP is the OS group which is to be granted OSOPER privileges.#------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oinstall#------------------------------------------------------------------------------# %%%指定安装RAC节点名称%%%# Specify the cluster node names selected during the installation.#------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.db.CLUSTER_NODES=#------------------------------------------------------------------------------# %%%指定创建数据库类型%%%# Specify the type of database to create.# It can be one of the following:# - GENERAL_PURPOSE/TRANSACTION_PROCESSING # - DATA_WAREHOUSE #------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE#------------------------------------------------------------------------------# %%%全局数据库名称%%%# Specify the Starter Database Global Database Name.#------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=prod#------------------------------------------------------------------------------# %%%数据库SID%%%# Specify the Starter Database SID.#------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=prod#------------------------------------------------------------------------------# %%%字符集%%%# Specify the Starter Database character set.# # It can be one of the following:# AL32UTF8, WE8ISO8859P15, WE8MSWIN1252, EE8ISO8859P2,# EE8MSWIN1250, NE8ISO8859P10, NEE8ISO8859P4, BLT8MSWIN1257,# BLT8ISO8859P13, CL8ISO8859P5, CL8MSWIN1251, AR8ISO8859P6,# AR8MSWIN1256, EL8ISO8859P7, EL8MSWIN1253, IW8ISO8859P8,# IW8MSWIN1255, JA16EUC, JA16EUCTILDE, JA16SJIS, JA16SJISTILDE,# KO16MSWIN949, ZHS16GBK, TH8TISASCII, ZHT32EUC, ZHT16MSWIN950,# ZHT16HKSCS, WE8ISO8859P9, TR8MSWIN1254, VN8MSWIN1258#------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet=AL32UTF8#------------------------------------------------------------------------------# %%%是否自动内存管理%%%# This variable should be set to true if Automatic Memory Management # in Database is desired.# If Automatic Memory Management is not desired, and memory allocation# is to be done manually, then set it to false.#------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryOption=true#------------------------------------------------------------------------------# %%%内存%%%# Specify the total memory allocation for the database. Value(in MB) should be# at least 256 MB, and should not exceed the total physical memory available # on the system.# Example: oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=512#------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=400#------------------------------------------------------------------------------# This variable controls whether to load Example Schemas onto the starter# database or not.#------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.installExampleSchemas=false#------------------------------------------------------------------------------# This variable includes enabling audit settings, configuring password profiles# and revoking some grants to public. These settings are provided by default. # These settings may also be disabled. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.enableSecuritySettings=true################################################################################ ## Passwords can be supplied for the following four schemas in the ## starter database: ## SYS ## SYSTEM ## SYSMAN (used by Enterprise Manager) ## DBSNMP (used by Enterprise Manager) ## ## Same password can be used for all accounts (not recommended) ## or different passwords for each account can be provided (recommended) ## #################################################################################------------------------------------------------------------------------------# %%%所有管理用户使用的密码%%%# This variable holds the password that is to be used for all schemas in the# starter database.#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=oracle#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Specify the SYS password for the starter database.#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYS=#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Specify the SYSTEM password for the starter database.#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSTEM=#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Specify the SYSMAN password for the starter database.#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSMAN=#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Specify the DBSNMP password for the starter database.#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.DBSNMP=#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Specify the management option to be selected for the starter database. # It can be one of the following:# 1. GRID_CONTROL# 2. DB_CONTROL#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.control=DB_CONTROL#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Specify the Management Service to use if Grid Control is selected to manage # the database. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.gridcontrol.gridControlServiceURL=#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------# This variable indicates whether to receive email notification for critical # alerts when using DB control. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.dbcontrol.enableEmailNotification=false#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Specify the email address to which the notifications are to be sent.#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.dbcontrol.emailAddress=#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Specify the SMTP server used for email notifications.#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.dbcontrol.SMTPServer=################################################################################ ## SPECIFY BACKUP AND RECOVERY OPTIONS ## ------------------------------------ ## Out-of-box backup and recovery options for the database can be mentioned ## using the entries below. # # #################################################################################------------------------------------------------------------------------------# This variable is to be set to false if automated backup is not required. Else # this can be set to true.#------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.enable=false#------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Regardless of the type of storage that is chosen for backup and recovery, if # automated backups are enabled, a job will be scheduled to run daily at# 2:00 AM to backup the database. This job will run as the operating system # user that is specified in this variable.#------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.osuid=#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Regardless of the type of storage that is chosen for backup and recovery, if # automated backups are enabled, a job will be scheduled to run daily at# 2:00 AM to backup the database. This job will run as the operating system user# specified by the above entry. The following entry stores the password for the# above operating system user.#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.ospwd=#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------# %%%指定数据库使用的存储类型%%%# Specify the type of storage to use for the database.# It can be one of the following:# - FILE_SYSTEM_STORAGE# - ASM_STORAGE#------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storageType=FILE_SYSTEM_STORAGE#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------# %%%指定数据文件控制文件日志文件路径%%%# Specify the database file location which is a directory for datafiles, control# files, redo logs. ## Applicable only when oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storage=FILE_SYSTEM #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.dataLocation=/u01/oradata#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------# %%%指定备份恢复文件路径%%%# Specify the backup and recovery location.## Applicable only when oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storage=FILE_SYSTEM #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.recoveryLocation=/u01/fast_recovery_area#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Specify the existing ASM disk groups to be used for storage.## Applicable only when oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storage=ASM#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.db.config.asm.diskGroup=#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Specify the password for ASMSNMP user of the ASM instance. ## Applicable only when oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storage=ASM_SYSTEM #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.db.config.asm.ASMSNMPPassword=#------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Specify the My Oracle Support Account Username.## Example : MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=metalink#------------------------------------------------------------------------------MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=#------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Specify the My Oracle Support Account Username password.## Example : MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=password#------------------------------------------------------------------------------MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=#------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Specify whether to enable the user to set the password for# My Oracle Support credentials. The value can be either true or false.# If left blank it will be assumed to be false.## Example : SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=true#------------------------------------------------------------------------------SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=#------------------------------------------------------------------------------# %%%指定用户是否希望为连接提供任何代理详细信息%%%# Specify whether user wants to give any proxy details for connection. # The value can be either true or false. If left blank it will be assumed# to be false.## Example : DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=false#------------------------------------------------------------------------------DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true#------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Specify the Proxy server name. Length should be greater than zero.## Example : PROXY_HOST=proxy.domain.com #------------------------------------------------------------------------------PROXY_HOST=#------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Specify the proxy port number. Should be Numeric and atleast 2 chars.## Example : PROXY_PORT=25 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------PROXY_PORT=#------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Specify the proxy user name. Leave PROXY_USER and PROXY_PWD # blank if your proxy server requires no authentication.## Example : PROXY_USER=username #------------------------------------------------------------------------------PROXY_USER=#------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Specify the proxy password. Leave PROXY_USER and PROXY_PWD # blank if your proxy server requires no authentication.## Example : PROXY_PWD=password #------------------------------------------------------------------------------PROXY_PWD=复制代码